Python Program to Find Prime Numbers: A Step-by-Step Guide, Prime numbers are fundamental in mathematics and computer science, playing a crucial role in cryptography, algorithms, and number theory. A prime number is a natural number greater than 1 that has no positive divisors other than 1 and itself. This question can be asked in CBSE Class XII’s subject Computer Science with Python.

In this blog, we’ll explore how to write a Python program to check if a number is prime and how to find all prime numbers in a given range.

What is a Prime Number?

A prime number must satisfy two conditions:

1. It must be greater than 1.
2. It should have no divisors other than 1 and itself.

Python Program to check if a number is Prime Number

def is_prime(n):
 if n < 2:
  return False
 for i in range(2, int(n**0.5) + 1):
  if n % i == 0:
   return False
 return True

def prime_in_range(start, end):
 for num in range(start, end + 1):
  if is_prime(num):
   print(f"{num} is a Prime number")
  else:
   print(f"{num} is not a Prime number")

# Taking input from the user
start = int(input("Enter the start of the range: "))
end = int(input("Enter the end of the range: "))

prime_in_range(start, end)

Why Learn Prime Number Programs in Python?

1. Algorithm Efficiency: Helps in understanding optimization techniques.
2. Cryptography: Primes are used in encryption (e.g., RSA algorithm).
3. Competitive Programming: Frequently asked in coding interviews.
4. Mathematical Applications: Useful in number theory problems.

Conclusion

In this blog, we learned:
✔ What a prime number is
✔ How to check if a number is prime in Python
✔ Optimized prime-checking techniques
✔ Finding all primes in a given range

Try running these programs with different inputs and see how they work!

Challenge: Can you modify the program to print non-prime numbers in a range? Try it out!

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